Paper-reinforcing machine.



C. H. HOWARD.

PAPER nemFoncme MACHINE. I APPLICATION FILED APR. 15. 1914- 1,21 1,848. Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET I.

C. H. HOWARD.

PAPER REINFORCI NG MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 9,1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 arzss illbwarei, f5

1,848. APPLICATION FILED APR- I5, 1914.

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c. H HOWARD. PAPER REINFORCING MkCHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED APR. 15. "914- 1,21 1,848. Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

5 SHEET$8HEET 3 0 iasfll azdarei c. H. HOWARD. PAPER REINFORCING MACHINE- AFPLICATION FILED APR. 15, 1914.

Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

C. H. HOWARD.

PAPER REINFORCINGMACHWE.

ARPLICATION FIL'ED APR-15, 1914.

121 1 8% Patented Jan. 9,1917.

- 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

are sra'rns ATENT OFFICE.-

CHARLES H HOWARD, OF SAUGUS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO PATRICK TRACY JACKSON, JR., 0F CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PAPER-REINFORCING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 9, 1917.

Application filed April 15, 1914. Serial No. 832,073.

T 0 all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, CHARLES H. Howann, a citizen of the United States, residing at Saugus, county of Essex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Paper-Reinforcing Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to paper-reinforcing machines, and more particularly to that type of such machines wherein the paper fabric is strengthened by means of crossing threads of textile or other material.

Attempts have heretofore been made to provide a machine of this general character,

wherein rotatable means have been employed for carrying the spools or other source of supply and other rotative means for drawing the threads from the first rotatable means and laying them transversely of the fabric. In such case, however, much difficulty has been experlenced in properly mamtaining the transverse threads in position until they become secured to the paper fabric, andthe heavy weight necessarily carried by the rotatable means has introduced objections to its economic operation. Other attempts have been made to overcome the troubles incident to the employment of such rotary machines by providing devices to graspeand hold the transverse threads and delay the cutting thereof until such threads had been delivered to and between the rolls for impressing them upon the fabric. Still further attempts along this general line have 'been made by drawing in the transverse threads singly by reciprocating means, but this has been economically objectionable'and slow in operation, and has also required that the transverse threads be delivered directly between the fabrics to which they were to be united, so that such threads could not get out of position before being secured there'- between. The objections to these previous attempts to provide a paper-reinforcing machine of practical efficiency have been incident to the character of the construction and principles of operation.

vention are to provide a machine of this general type, that is, one for reinforcing paper or other fabrics, which shall be simple in construction, efficient and economical in operation, and wherein the transverse threads may be delivered to the paper or other web of material while still maintaining their proper transverse positi0ns,all of which will best be made clear from the following description and accompanying drawings of one form of means for carrying the invention into practical effect, it being understood that the invention is not restricted to the details of-such means, but that these may be varied within the true scope of the actual invention, which is definitely pointed out by the claims.

In carrying the general purposes of the invention into effect, the web of material is fed longitudinally and gripping meansis provided for carrying a series of transverse threads from a source of supply transversely of the machine and then relatively moving the series of transverse threads and Web of material to be reinforced toward each other for delivery of the series of threads to the surface of the web. It is desirable for the best results and economic production, that the web to be reinforced be fed continuously,

and means are provided by the present invention to maintain positive control of the transverse threads after they have been severed from the source of supply until they are laid in their final position on the surface of the web at which time they are freed and pass along with the web itself. This feature of the invention is of importance in that it insures correct position of the transverse threads at all times, and in the finished product uniformity of transverse direction of the threads results. In the present instance of the invention, a transverse thread carrier isprovided at each side of the machine, which take the threads from the grippers and move in rectilinear paths while still holding the ends of the transverse threads until they are deposited on the surface of the web and then release the ends of the threads. It may be expedient in some aspects of the invention to dispense with the carriers, but in the present instance the carriers at each side of the machine are preferv the framework being section on the line 55,

the invention as defined by the claims, butin the present instance there is provided a series of grippers at each side of the machine and they are moved toward each other" to draw the transverse threads from the supply and deliver the ends of the threads to the series of grippers at the opposite side of the machine and then they are separated so that the grippers at the non-supply side com plete the transverse movement of the series ofthreads, while those at the supply side move back for another hold. In this aspect of the invention the transverse threads are severed in front of the supply grippers after each transverse movement.

The web, such as paper which is to be reinforced, may be supplied either from suitable rolls or, if desired, the reinforcing machine may be associated with a paper-making machine and receive its supply directly therefrom, as the paper is made.

The rectilinearly moving carriers which take the transverse threads from the grippers may be variously devised to carry into effect their intended purposes, but in the present instance a convenient and efficient means consists in a series of links, something like a chain, having clips or holders which can take the threads from the grippers. To effect this action, the grippers and carriersare relatively moved toward each other after the threads have been drawn from the supply by the ippers, and in the present instance it is gund expedient to move the grippers toward the carriers, but obviously a relative movement of the two devices is the only essential in this respect.

In the drawin vation of a machlne embodying one form of the present invention, the lower portion of omitted; Flg. 2 is an end view of the parts showii b Fig. 1, looking from the right, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail, parts being shown in section, showing more particularly the means for drawing iii and delivering the transverse threads; Fig. 4 is a view in'general side elevation, looking in the direction of the arrow a, Fig. 3, some of the parts being shown in section and others broken away; Fig. 5 is a detail showing the gripping jaw construction at the supply side of the machine; Fig.

7 is a detached detail with some of the parts in section, showing the cutter-carrying frame; Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8, Fig. l, the parts being enlarged for the purposes of clearness; Flg. 9 is a section on the s:Figure 1 is a side ele-- Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a.

line-9-9, Fig. 4; Fig. 10 is a section on the line 1010, Fig. 3; Fig. 11 is an enlarged side elevation showing more particularly the transverse thread-carrying chain, the clips for holding the transverse threads and one provided With fast and loose pulleys 3 and 4, Fig. 2, whereby be driven by belting of power.

Secured to the driving shaft 2 is a gear 5, Fig. 1, operatively engaged with an idle gear 6, which is itself in operative engagement with a gear 7 mounted on ashaft 8 supported by suitable bearings on the machine frame. Above the shaft 8 is the shaft 9 carried by suitable blocks 10 for the desired adjustment, and secured to said shaft is a gear 11 for transmitting power through the gears 12, 13 and 14 to a shaft 15 carrying a sprocket-wheel 16. Mounted on the upwardly-extending frame member 17 at the right, Fig. 1, is a cam shaft 18 provided with a suitable sprocket-wheel 19, Fig. 2,'whereby the cam shaft 18-may be driven from the shaft 15 through the sprocket-chain 20, Fig. 2, the construction being such that upon rotation the operating parts may from any suitable source of the driving shaft 2 and by reason of the thereon, as indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 1, the roller 21 about which is passed the paper 22 which is drawn from a suitable supply not shown. Also mounted upon the framework of the machine is a shaft 23 carrying a cylinder 24: about which passes a web of paper 25 drawn from a suitable supply 26, as indicated by Fig. 1 and constituting one form of guiding device. It is preferred that the surface of the paper web be supplied with an adhesive, either prior to its introduction in the machine or as it is introduced thereto, and as one form of the inroller 27, Fig. 1, so that the surface of the web of paper 25 which is to be next adjacent to the web of paper 22, as will presently appear, is supplied with an adhesive. Obviously the web 25 might be supplied with gum and dried before being brought to the machine, in which case the roller 27 may Simply dip into a moistening tank to apply moisture to the already gummed surface or the paper may be supplied directly from a paper making machine. From the construction described and as illustrated in Fig. 1, it will be noted that the roll 24 about which the web 25 passes, is in advance of the roll 21 about which the web 22 passes, which is a construction preferably employed and utilized in the present instance for applying to the gummed surface of the web 25 a portion of the .longitudinal and all of the transverse threads, as will presently appear, be-

fore the remaining longitudinal threads are introduced.

The longitudinal threads might, of course, all be supplied from one common source, and laid longitudinally of the paper webs side-by-side in separated relation and on one side of the transverse threads, that is, all on top or all beneath such transverse threads, but in the preferred embodiment of the invention it is desired that the longitudinal threads shall be alternately arranged over and under the transverse threads, as indicated in Fig. 13. To carry this feature of the invention into efiect, part of the longitudinal threads 28, as indicated by dottedlines in Fig. 1, are introduced from a suitable source of supply directly upon the gummed surface of the paper web 25 in separated relation and similarly, the longitudinal threads 29, Fig. 1, are introduced above the roll 21, it being understood that the group of threads 28 and 29 are alternately arranged side-by.- side, that is, first a thread 28, and then a thread 29, then a thread 28, and then a thread 29, will appear transversely of the finished fabric, as indicated in Fig. 13, so that the transverse threads being supplied to the gummed surface of the paper web 25, will appear to be arranged over and under adjacent longitudinal threads, as will more fully appear. The longitudinal and transverse threads being"arranged preferably as described, it. is desirable that the two fabrics 22 and 25 be then forced into inti mate surface contact. As one means to this end there is mounted upon the shaft 8, a'

30, said rollers act to press the two surfaces of the paper webs into intimate contact, thus permanently securing the threads and paper web in their associated relations.

In order that different thicknesses of paper may properly be employed, one of the shafts 8 or 9, preferably 9, is provided with adjusting devices 31, Fig. 1, whereby the block 10 carrying the said shaft 9 may be raised or lowered, as conditions require, the finished paper passing as indicated by the arrow 6 in Fig. 1, and taken up by suitable means not necessary to describe.

As hereinbefore noted, the present invention contemplates that the transverse reinforcing threads or filaments shall be drawn from a source of supply in plural numbers and carried or drawn simultaneously in substantially parallel relation transversely of the machine or transversely relative to the material to be reinforced, and that they then be released so that they may move along with the material to be reinforced as they are applied thereto. It will be convenient at this time to describe one form of means within the contemplation of the invention for taln'ng a plurality of independent threads from a source of supply, preferably located at one side of the machine, and simultaneously placing them in parallel relation transversely relative to the material to be reinforced.

Mounted in suitable bearings 32, Figs. -1' and 2, surmounting the frame of the machine, are the two shafts 33 from which project the arms 34 carrying the side shafts 35, Figs. 3 and 4, from which depend the to the particular form of j aws, and their operating means, are alike, a description of one will be suflicient, reference being made particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Mounted upon the shaft 35 is a sleeve 36 having an upwardly-extending web 37, Figs. 4 and 5, secured to said shaft 35 to rock therewith by suitable means such as the set screws 38. The sleeve 36 is slotted at intervals at 39, as indicated in Fig. 4, and mounted upon the shaft 35 and within the slots 39 are the transverse oscillatory thread arms 40. The slots 39 are of suflicient extent circum ferentially of the shaft 35 to permit the oscillatory arms 40 tobe swung relative to the sleeve 36 when they are freed to such swinging action. from the shaft 35 is the rocker arm 41 carrying a suitable roll 42 to engage a cam path 43 of a cam 44 secured to the cam shaft 18,

upwardly-extending portions 45, adapted to be engaged by a catch 46, Fig. 5, pivoted at 47 to suitable lugs projecting from the web 37, and normally under the influence of a spring 48 tending to hold the catches in engagement with the upper ends of the thread arms. The lower portion of the catches 36 may be conveniently provided with a tail or hand-piece 49, Fig. 5, whereby, when desired, any one of the thread arms, when a plural number is employed, can be operatively disconnected from the sleeve 36, to enable repairs or alterations to be made therein, as dictated by the conditions of use.

From the construction thus far described, itwill be noted that the oscillatory thread arms 40 are loosely hung to the shaft 35 and are operatively connected therewith through the sleeve 36 and web 37 and the catches 46, said catches being adapted to readily be disengaged from the thread arms to free them when desired. As indicated in the drawings, the transverse oscillatory thread arms are eight in number, whereby, as will presently appear, a series of threads, either eight or sixteen, or even more, may be drawn from the source of supply and laid transversely of the thread carrier, to be described. Obviously the number of thread arms may be varied within the true scope of the actual invention, but they should be such in number for the best practical results, that they will complete a transverse thread drawing movement during the time necessary for threads previously laid upon the carrier to be moved from under the path of the thread arms in a direction of approach relative to the material to be reinforced, as will be readily understood, whereby the continuous and rapid operation of the machine is better effected.

Supported in suitable position, preferably at the side of the machine, are a series of spools from which the transverse threads are to be drawn. This source of supply is best shown in Fig. 2, wherein the spools 50 are carried upon suitable brackets 51, projecting from the side of the machine frame, said brackets also serving as a support for a suitable arm 52, carrying suitable tension means 53 to act upon the thread. Since the threads are delivered at the side of the machine, and since there are two sets of transthat during such movement the threads will be drawn through the jaws of the arms at the supply side of the machine by the arms at the opposite side of the machine, and when the threads are cut, as will hereinafter appear, the jawsat the supply side of the machine willstill maintain their hold upon the threads with an end of each thread projecting sufliciently far beyond the jaws to be engaged by the jaws of the opposite arms. From what has been said, it will be apparent that the jaws on the arms at the supply side of the machine are somewhat different from those on the opposite side of the machine, and such jaws will now be described, reference being made particularly to Figs. 2, 3, and'6.

Each of the arms 40 at the supply side of the machine has at its lower enda fixed jaw 54, which may comprise a continuous barlike structure, as indicated in Fig. 6. Pivotally mounted at 55 are the two upper jaws 56, each adapted at; its lower end to grasp the end of a. thread 57 between it and the lower portion, such grasping action being under the influence of a spring 58, which is preferably split, as indicated in Fig. 6, to permit one arm of each of the legs to act upon a pin 59, extending from the side of the upper jaws 56, Fig. 6, the construction being such that while the upper jaws 56 under. the action of the spring 58, will grasp the threads 57, preferably plural in number, upon the lower jaw as the arms 40 move to the right, Figs. 2.and 3, and thereby cause the threads to be drawn from the source of supply, yet, such threads may be drawn to the right between the jaws 54 and 56 without material obstruction.

The thread engaging j aws on the oscillatory arms at the side of the machine remote from-the source of supply comprise a fixed lower jaw, and a spring-actuated jaw with means for separating the jaws to release the free end when the thread has been placed in its desired position. As one convenient form .of means to this end, these jaws comprise extending upward along the side of the oscillatory arms 40, and having at its upper portion a projection 65, preferably secured to the j aw-operating member 64 by means of pins 66, Fig. 5. In order to separate the jaws at the desired time, the projection 65 overlies a jaw-operating device, a good practical form of which is indicated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4.

Mounted to rock upon a shaft 67, Fig. 3, are the jaw opening arms 68, the ends of which underlie rolls 69 mounted on the sleeves 70 free to slide, relative to the arms 41 and 71, Fig. 4. This sliding relation of the sleeves and'arms'41 and 7l extending from the shaft 35, may be formed in any suitable manner, and a convenient construction being indicated by Fig. 9, wherein the arm '41 and likewise the arm 71', may haye a guiding member 7 0 secured thereto .for engagement with the sleeves 70. Since there are a plural number of oscillatory arms 40, each carrying the described form of jaw construction, at the side of the machine remote from the source of supply, the sleeves 70 are connected by a lifter 72, Figs. 1, 4,

and 5, which underlies the series of projegr" tions 65 connected to the aw-operating rods 64. Mounted at 73, Fig. 1, is a lifter arm 74, having a toe 7 5 adapted to engage a path cam 76 on the cam shaft 18, Fig. 2, the end of the lifter arm 7.4 being extended beneath the opening arms 68 as shown in Figs. 1

and. 3, the construction being such that upon I rotation of the cam shaft and at suitable times, the lifter arm 74 will raise the arms 68 and the lifter 72, thereby opening the jaws for free and ready release of the threads.

When the transverse threads have thus been drawn from the source of supply and carried transversely as indicated, and

befor the jaws release the transverse threads, it is desirable that the jaws be lowered' in order to place the transverse threads in engagement with the material or web to be reinforced or the transverse thread carrier, to be described, for delivery to the gummed surface of on of the fabrics. To this end the shafts 33, Figs. 2 and 3,- have secured'thereto the arms 77 provided with rolls 78 which engage suitable cam paths 79, Fig. 2, the construction being such that prior to the release of the threads by the jaws in the manner hereinbefore noted, the

oscillatory arms 40 are lowered to carry the invention in the present instance, the invention is not limited in this respect, and the term' gripper or gripper means will be hereinafteremployed as a broad term ineluding not only the oscillatory arms and from the source of supply in front of the grippers at the supply side of the machine. As one means for thus cutting the threads, there are pivotally mounted on the machine frame at 80, knife operating arms 81, Figs. 2, 7 and 8, normally under the influence of a spring 82 tending to lift said knife operating arms. 8 The knife operating arms 81 may preferably'be formed as part of a frame as indicated in Fig. 7, but of course this detail is susceptible of variations. Associated with the knife operating arms 81 is a controller arm 83 having a roll 84 normally resting upon the surface of a cam 85, Fig. 2, connected to the shaft 86, whereby when the low part of the cam arrives opposite the roll 84, the knife operating arms 81 will rise in response to the spring 82. If desired, the action of the knife operating arms may be more quickly controlled by providing a finger 87 on the controller 83 adapted to engage at times with the flanged abutment 88 made as part of the cam 85, so that while the roll 84 may normally maintain the lmife operating arms 81 depressed, this action will pass into the control of the finger 87 at the time when the projection 88 engages said finger, so that as the projection 88 passes, the finger will suddenlyrise into the depression, 'thus suddenly raising the knife operating arms 81.

The arms 81 project toward the side of the machine as indicated in Figs. 2, 7 and 8, and underlie'the studs 89 which rise through the sleeves 90 extending from a part 94 of the machine frame, and have secured at their upper portions the knife carrying plate 91. The knives 92 may be of any appropriate form, but, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 8, they are preferably formed wedge-shape at their cutting edges and detachably secured to the plate 91 by means such as the screws 93 or otherwise, the construction being such that when the knife operating arms 81 rise, they will act upon the studs 89 and raise the knives 92 into the position to cut the threads in front of the be of suflicient extent, as indicated in 1,

to cut all of the threads that have been laid by the oscillating arms at one cycle of theiroperations.

It will be obvious, of course, that the character of the grippers for drawing in the transverse threads, the particular means for giving transverse movement to these grippers whereby they approach and recede from each other in drawing. in the transverse threads, and the particular means for throwing the cutters into operative position, may

all be changed within the true scope of the actual invention; but the -mechanism here-, inbefore described has been found to be convenient and well adapted as a mechanical organization for the intended purpose.

such threads are released from the control of said. gripper means, and then to carry such threadsunder positive control into direct contact with the gummed or adhesive surface, where they will maintain their desired positions. As one form of means to this end, there is arranged at each side of the machine, a transverse thread carrier which moves in a. straight path' longitudinally of and substantially parallel to the median line of the machine frame in a direction of approach relative to the material.

to bereinforced, eachof said carriers having appropriate means for taking the transverse threads and delivering them tothe adhesive or gummed surface-bf the fabric. Such carriers, there being ones-at each side of the machine, are substantially alike, and

therefore the description of one will servefor both, reference being particularly had to F1gs.1and11. 1

Mounted in the machine frame, Fig. 1, is a shaft 95 provided with sprocket-wheels '96. The driving shaft 2 at the opposite end of the machine is likewise provlded with a' sprocket-wheel 97, Figs. 1 and 11. Between these sprocket-wheels, there being -one at each end of the respective shafts 2 and 95,

are extended the transverse thread carriers.

These comprise a series of links 98, preferably of the sprocket type, each link having projecting therefrom a thread-carrying plate.

99 on which one or more thread-en gmg fingers 100 may be mounted. These tii'eadengaging fingers may be in the form of spring act to 3 threads.

when the grippers place the thread in the path of the advancing ends of the clips, the

latter will engage the threads just as they are cut and released from the jaws of the gripers. As hereinbefore noted, the present instance of the invention proposes to deliver the transverse threads successively as the carriers move forward so that such threads will be placed in succession upon the sticky surface of the fabric as itpasses about the roll 24. In order to" insure-this action, the roll 24, as indicated in Fig. 11, is sufiicient in diameter to carry the sticky surfaces of the web 25 into a somewhat higher position than are thetransverse threads as they are taken by the carrier toward the roll 24, with the result that the roll 24 will ordinarily. act automatically to draw the threads from the fingers 100 of the thread carriers, such' action obviously insuring that the transverse threads will be well pressed down into the exposed sticky surface of the web before they are released from the thread fingers 100.

It may be desirable attimes to insure the free release of the transverse threads from the thread-carrying fingers in addition to the action of the roll 24, and to this end the present invention contemplates providing a pin 101 below each of the thread fingers 100 and projecting downward as indicated in Fig. 11 to engage the cam surface 102 of a finger opener which may comprise a stationary device substantially as in- I dicated in Figs. 11 and '12, and wherein a cam surface 102 is provided to gradually lift the pins and consequently ,raise the thread fingers as the carrier moves in its straight path. In the present form of the invention the cam surface is carried by a bracket 103 secured at 104, Fig. 12, to a part of the machine frame, or other suitable support. It may also be desirable that the end portions of the transverse threads shall be depressed after said transverse threads are delivered to the gummed surface of the fabric to'insu're that the end portions of the transverse threads, as well as the body portions thereof, shall be brought into adhesive relation with the gummedsurface of the fabric. To this end the bracket 103 has a portion 105 which projects inward of the thread-carrying plate 99 and extends downward, as indicated in Fig. 12, {the construction being such that when the thread 'fingers carry the threads into engagement with the gummed surface of the fabric, the ortions of the bracket 103 will epress the ends of the transverse It is desirable that the transverse thread indicated in Fig. 8, the thread carriers have downwardly-projecting flanged portions 109, Figs. 8 and 11, whichride upon the stationary bracket 94, and between it and the lower portion of the shoulder 107, the construction being such that the thread carriers are accurately guided in their movement in transferring the threads from the oscillating arms to the gummed surface'of the fabric.

It may be desirable at times to adjust the oscillatory arms 40 to vary the path of movement, and as a means ,to this end, the clamping bolts 38 for securing the sleeves 36 to the shafts 35, maybe duplicated on opposite sides of the sleeves as indicated in Fig. 5, so that by proper manipulation the rotary position of the sleeves on the shafts may be changed, as desired. By having the oscillatory arms connected to .the shafts 35 by catches, any one of these arms may be temporarily disconnected from the shaft and swung outward for repair or adjustment without disturbing the other arms o-f'the series. It will be noted also, that the transverse threads may, if desired, be made to extend beyond the edges of the fabric or be placed close tothe edges as desired, and

while the term thread is herein employed to designate the transverse reinforcing elements, it is to be understood that such term is of general character and not necessarily restricted to textile or fibrous elements, as

it is obvious that other character of rein- I forcing elements might be employed.

As will be evident from Fig. 2, the roll 24 about which the fabric 25 passes is located between the two transverse thread carriers or chains, so that by having the upper surface of the roll slightly higher than the rec- Ktilinearly moving carriers, the roll itself may .act to detach the transverse threads from ="'the-.= carrier as. the threads are delivered thereto, but in some cases it may tie-desirable I to further insure this action byreleasing the transverse threads from the holding fingers on the "carriers, as hereinbefore'described. In thefdescribed invention it wines seen that thetransverse threads are actually laid on the longitudinal threads passin about 'the roll-24, and that other-longitudinal threads alternately arranged with relation to the first-named longitudinal threads, over lie thetransverse threads, so that the transverse andlongitudinal" threads form of them-- selves, "independent of the paper which they are intended to eventually reinforce; ,a thread structure wherein the longitudinal and transverse threads are stuck together in perreinforcin paper fabric might be omitted in which case the longitudinal threads themselves would be passed in contact with the adhesive, substantially as is the paper fabric 25, so that they and the transverse threads would be stuck together in the machine and form an open mesh fabric which couldbe subse- 'quently applied to the paper, as will be readily understood. The term material,

therefore, is used herein to designate either a fabric or series of longitudinal threads.

From the construction described, it will be noted that the present invention draws from a source of supply by gripper means,

a series of transverse threads; carries such threads in a transverse direction; places them into position for engagement by thread carriers -movable in rectilinear paths; cuts and releases the transverse threads; delivers to the gummed surface of the fabric a series of longitudinal threads, alternate threads of the longitudinal series being preferably above and others below the transverse threads; and then forces two fabrics into superposed relation, whereby the gummed surface or surfaces of the fabrics causes them to adhere and maintain the longitudinal and transverse threads in position, substantially as'indicated in the fabric of Fig. 13. Ob-

viously, the particulars of jaw construction, and other details of the mechanism hereinbefore described may be modified and changed within the true scope of the actual inventionas pointed out by the claims. It will also be obvious that some features of the invention may be employed independently of the others and that instead of placing the reinforcing threads between two plies. of fabric they may be placed on the surface of one ply or web,

What is claimed is y 1. In a machine of {the character described, the combination of. means for feeding material to be-reinforced, means movable transversely of the 'ma'chinefw simultaneously-carry-in a plurality of independent fifamentsjinto parallel relation transverse yfof, the material to be rein- 2. In a machine of the character described, the combination .of means for feeding material to be reinforced, means movable transversely of the machine for simultaneously carrying a plurality of independent reinforcin filaments into parallel relation transverse y relatively to the material to be reinforced,means for relatively moving the material to be reinforced and the reinforcing filaments in a direction of approach for apforced, and means for releasing the reinforcing filaments'from connection w th sald movable carrymg means.

plying the reinforcing filaments to the ma-.

terial, and means for releasing the reinforcing filaments from connection wlth sald movable carrying .means.

3. In a machine of the character de-.

scribed, the combination of means for feeding and guiding material to be reinforced,

a source of supply of reinforcing filaments.

at one side of the machine, means movable transversely of the machine for takin simultaneously a plurality of filaments om the supply side of the machine and placing them in parallel relation transversely thereof, and means for disconnecting the fila ments from the source of supply and from the said movable means.

web, and means for relatively moving the Web and transverse threads toward each other to place the transverse threads upon the surface of the web.

5. A machine of the character described, comprising transverse thread carriers, means for moving the carriers in rectilinear paths, a guide roll located between said carriers for guiding the web to be reinforced into transverse thread receiving position between the rectilinearly moving carriers, and means for delivering transverse threads to said carriers.

I 6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a support over which a fabric having an adhesive surface is passed, transverse thread carrying means movable in a rectilinear path for delivering transverse threads to the adhesive surface of said fabric, means for drawing transverse threads from a source of supply and 'deliv 'ering them in predetermined length to said transverse thread carrying means for subsequent delivery to the adhesive surface of said fabric. I

7. In a machine for making fabrics, the combination of a guide about which a series of longitudinal threads are passed, transverse thread carriers, means for delivering transverse threads to said carriers for delivery upon said longitudinal threads, means for thereafter applying other longitudinal threads above the transverse threads that the latter may overlie and underlie alternate longitudinal threads.

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for 10ngitudinally feeding a web of material to be reinforced, a source of transversethread supply, gripping means for taking a plurality of threads from saidsource of supply for guiding a sheet of material on which and placing them in a plane transversely of the web of material to be reinforced, and means. for relatively moving said transverse threads and web of material bodily toward each other for placing said transverse threads in position to be laid upon said web of material.

9. In a machine of the character described, the combination of guiding means transverse threads are to be placed, a source of transverse thread supply, gripping means for carrying a plurality of threads from said source of supply and placing them simultaneously in a single plane transversely with relation to but at one side of the plane of said sheet of material, mechanism for thereafter relatively moving said transverse threads and sheet of material in a direction ofapproach for direct delivery of said'plurality of threads to said sheet of material, and means for releasing said threads from said gripping means.

10. In a machine of. the character de scribed, the combination of thread carriers for carrying threads extending transversely between them, means for moving said carriers in rectilinear paths, means for delivering a series of threads to said thread carriers transversely thereof, and means for guiding material between said carriers to receive the transverse threads therefrom.

11. In a machine of the character described, the combination of transverse thread carriers, means for continuously moving said carriers in rectilinear paths, means for delivering a series of transverse threads to said transverse thread carriers, means for guiding material having an adhesive surface between said carriers to receive the transverse threads therefrom, and means for superposing a fabric upon the transverse threads after they have been stuck to the adhesive surface of the first-named fabric.

12. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for guiding material to be reinforced, means movable transversely of the machine for simultaneously extending a plurality of independent reinforcing filaments in parallel relation transversely relative to the material to be reinforced, a receiver for receiving the plurality of independent reinforcing filaments from the extending means, and means for freeing the independent reinforcing 123 means from connection with the extending means after each extending movement thereof.

13. Ina machine of the character described, the combination ofmeans for pre- 125 senting material to be reinforced, means movable transversely of the machine for simultaneously extending a plurality of independent reinforcingfilaments in parallel relation transversely of the material to be reinforced and thereafter applying such plurality of reinforcing filaments to the said material, and means for forming said reinforcing filaments in predetermined lengths disconnected from the extending means.

14. In a machine for making reinforced paper fabrics, the combination of transverse thread carriers having thread engaging means, oscillatory arms arranged above said carriers, means for oscillating said arms to draw threads from a source of supply, and deliver them transversely .of said carriers, means for cutting the threads, means for lowering said arms to carry the transverse threads into position to be engaged by said thread engaging means, and'a guiding de vice between said carriers and about which a paper fabric is passed, said guide device being arranged to lift the transverse threads from the carriers as the threads are delivered to said fabric.

15. In a machine for making reinforced paper fabrics, the combination of movable transverse thread carriers, a guide for directing a paper fabric, gripping means for drawing a plurality of threads from a source of supply and carrying the same transversely of said thread carriers, mechanism for moving said gripping means toward the thread carriers to deliver the threads thereto, and means for cutting and freeing the threads from said arms to permit said threads to be transported by the thread carriers to the surface of the paper between the carriers.

16. In a machine for making reinforced paper fabrics, the combination of a roll about which a paper fabric having an adhesive surface is adapted to pass, transverse thread carriers movable in rectilinear paths and having thread engaging members, 'and means for delivering a series of transverse threads of a length substantially the same as the width of the fabric to be reinforced to said members to be by them subsequently delivered to the adhesive surface of said paper fabric, and means for freeing thev transverse threads from said members.

17. In a machine for making reinforced fabrics, the combination of arms at o po site sides of the median line of the macl me, transverse thread enga jaws carried by each of said arms, means for swin ing said arms to cause the jaws at one si e of the machine to draw threads from a source of supply and deliver the ends to the jaws on the arm at the opposite side of the machine, transverse thread carriers," means for lowering the threads while held by the jaws into position to be engaged by said carriers, thread cutting means, and means for freeing the thread from the jaws at the side of the machine opposite the thread supply.

18. In a, machine of the character described, a source of t ansverse thread supply, a series of grippers for carrying a series of transverse threads from the source 'of supply transversely of the machine, means for moving said series of grippers transversely of the machine, means for raising and lowering the grippers, and means for freeing lengths of threads from the grippers when they are in lowered position.

19. In a machine for reinforcing fabrics, the combination of-a transverse thread carrier movable in a rectilinear path, grippers for drawing thread from a source of supply and carrying the same transversely of said carrier, and means fgr relatively moving said grippers and carrier in a direction of a proach to position thetransverse thread or engagement by the carrier, and means-for freeing a transverse length of thread from the source of supply and said grippers that it may be moved by said carr1er.

20. In a machine for making reinforced paper fabrics, thecombination of grippers mounted at opposite sides of the median line of the machine for drawing thread from a source of supply in a direction transversely of the machine, said grippers having jaws, means for severing the thread at one side of the machine while maintaining the jaws at that side closed upon the thread, and means for freeing the thread from the jaws at the opposite side of the machine.

21. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a series of swinging arms for drawing threads from a source of supply in a direction transversely of the machine, a shaft on which said series of arms are independently mounted, means for rocking said shaft, and means for operatively connecting and disconnecting the shaft and said arms. Y

22. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a series of arms for drawing threads from a source of supply transversely of the machine, a shaft on which said arms are mounted, means for rocking said shaft to swing said arms, and a catch for connecting each arm independently to the shaft to permit any arm to be swung independently of the others.

23. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a series of arms for drawing threads from a source of supply transversely of the machine, a shaft on which said arms are mounted, means for rocking said shaft to swing said arms, means for raising and lowering said shaft to raise and lower the said arms.

24. In a machine of the character described, the combination of feeding devices for feeding a web longitudinally, a source of transverse thread supply, gripping means at each side of the machine, operating mechanism for moving 'the gripping means toward and away from each other to carry a plurality of threads transversely of the web to be reinforced, and means for relatively moving the transverse threads and web toward each other that the transverse threads may be placed upon the surface of the web.

25. In a paper reinforcing machine, the combination of a roll over which a paper fabric having an adhesive surface and a series of longitudinal threads are passed, grippers for drawing a series of transverse threads from a source of supply, transverse thread carriers mounted for rectilinear movement below said grippers to receive the transverse threads and deliver them upon the adhesive surface of the paper fabric above the longitudinal threads, a second roll about which a paper fabric and another series of longitudinal threads pass to be superimposed upon the first fabric with the longitudinal threads overlying the transverse threads, and means for pressing the fabrics and threads together.

26. In a paper reinforcing machine, gripping means for drawing threads from a source of supply and carrying themtransversely of the machine, a transverse thread carrier comprising rectilinearly movable,

elements adjacent each side of the machine for receiving the transverse threads from said gripping means, and a paper guide located between the said rectilinearly movable elements and over which a Web of paper is passed having an adhesive surface to receive the transverse threads from said carrier.

- 27. In a paper reinforcing machine, grippers for dra\\'ing threads from a source of supply transversely of the machine, a trans verse thread carrier for taking the threads from the grippers, cutting mechanism for cutting the threads when drawn from said source of supply, and means for periodically raising the cutting mechanism into operative position.

28. In a machine for making reinforced paper fabrics, the combination of means for drawing threads from a source of supply in a direction transversely of the machine, means for severing the threads from the source of supply, a guide about which a paper fabric having an adhesive surface is passed, a carrier for taking the transverse threads from said means and delivering them to the adhesive surface of said paper fabric, and means for freeing the ends of the transverse threads when said'threads are delivered to the said fabric.

29. In a machine for making reinforced paper fabrics, the combination of meansvfor drawing threads from a source of supply in a direction transversely of the machine, a guide about which a paper fabric having an adhesive surface is passed, a carrier for taking the transverse threads from said means and delivering them to the adheindependent transverse sive surface of said paper fabric, said carrier comprising a chain at each side of the machine having thread engaging fingers.

30. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for guiding and continuously feeding in a longitudinal direction material to be reinforced by reinforcing filaments, means for simultaneously drawing a plurality of independent reinforcing filaments from a source of supply and extending the independent filaments in predetermined lengthsin parallel relation transversely of the material to be reinforced and applying the independent reinforcing filaments to said material as it is continuously fed.

31. In a machine of the character de-- scribed, the combination of means for guiding material to be reinforced, transverse thread drawing means for simultaneously drawing a plurality of independent threads from a source of supply and placing them in parallel relation transversely of the material to be reinforced, means for disconnecting the threads from the source of supply and drawing means, and means for relatively moving the reinforcing threads and material to be reinforced in a direction of approach.

32. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for presenting material to be reinforced, transverse thread drawing and delivering means for drawing transverse threads from a source of supply transversely of said material, means for severing the threads from the source of supply after each transverse movement of said means, and meansfor relatively moving the material to be reinforced and the transverse thread drawing and delivering means in a direction of approach.

33. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for continuously moving in a longitudinal direction material to be reinforced, means for intermittently drawing a plurality of independent reinforcing elements simultaneously from a source of supply and placing them in parallel relation transversely to the material to be reinforced, and means for freeing the plurality of independent reinforcing threads from connection with the source of supply and drawing means.

34 In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for guiding and feeding a web of material to be reinforced, a series of grippers for periodically carrying a series of threads from a source of supply transversely of the web, a thread carrier at each side of the machine for taking the transverse threads from the grippers, and means for severing the threads from the source of supply that they may travel with the thread carriers for transfer to'the surface of the web.

35. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for guiding and feeding a Web of material to be reinforced, a series of grippers for periodically carrying a series of threads from a source of supply transversely of the web, a rectilinearly moving thread carrier at each side of the machine for taking the transverse threads from the grippers, and means for severing the threads from the source of supply that they may travel with the rectilinearly moving thread carriers for transfer to the surface of the web, and means for freeing the threads from the carriers.

36. In a, machine of the character described, the combination of means for guidthat side.

ing and feeding a web of material, a source of transverse thread supply, gripping means at each side of the machine, means for moving the grippers toward and from each other for drawing the threads from the source of supply transversely of the web and causing the grippers at the supply side of the machine to deliver the ends of the transverse threads to the grippers at the other side of the machine, and means for transferring the threads from the grippers to the surface of the web.

37. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for guiding and. feeding a web longitudinally, a source of transverse thread supply, grippers for seizing a series of threads at the supply side of the machine and drawing the threads from said supply, grippers at the opposite side of the machine, and means for moving the grippers at the sides of the machine toward each other to transfer the ends of the threads from the grippers at the supply side of the machine to the grippers at the opposite side and then move the grippers away from each other to place the series of threads transversely of the web.

38. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for guiding and feeding a web longitudinally, a source of transverse thread supply, grippers for seizing a series of threads at the supply side of the machine and drawing the threads from said supply, grippers at the opposite side of the machine, means for moving the grippers at the sides of the machine toward each other to transfer the ends of the threads from the grippers at the supply side of the machine to the grippers. at the opposite side and then move the grippers away from each other to place the series of threads transversely of the web, and means for severing the threads at the supply side of the machine in front of the grippers at 39 111 a machine of the character described, the combination of means for guid-' ing and feeding a web longitudinally, a source of transverse thread supply, grippers for seizing a series of threads at the supply side of the machine and drawing the threads from said supply, grippers at the opposite side of the machine, means for moving the grippers at the sides of the machine'toward each other to transfer the ends of the threads from the grippers at the supply side and then move the grippers away from each other to place the series of threads transversely of the web, and means for transferring the transverse threads from the grippers to the siirface of the web.

40. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a longitudinally movable transverse thread receiving element, means for continuously moving said element, a source of transverse thread supply, gripper means for taking a series of threads from the source of supply and extending them in parallel relation transversely of the continuously moving thread receiving element, and means for relatively moving the gripper-means and receiving element in a direction of approach to transfer the series of threads to the thread receiving element while it is being continuously moved.

41. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for feeding material to be reinforced, means for simultaneously drawing a plurality of independent reinforcing filaments from a source of supply and placing them in parallel relation transversely of the material to be reinforced, means for introducing other reinforcing filaments extending longitudinally of the material to be reinforced, and means for releasing the plurality of independent transversely extending reinforcing filaments from connection with the source of supply and drawing means.

42. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for feeding material to be reinforced, means for simultaneously extending a plurality of independent reinforcing filaments in parallel relation transversely of the material to be reinforced, means for introducing other reinforcing filaments extending longitudinally of the material to be reinforced, some of said longitudinally extending reinforcing filaments being above and others beneath the transversely extending reinforcing filaments.

43. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for continuously feeding material to be reinforced, means for simultaneously drawing a plurality. of independent reinforcing filaments from a source of supply and placing them in parallel relation transversely of the material and applying them to the material to be reinforced, means for detaching the reinforcing filaments from the drawing means and source of supply, and means for causing the drawing means toagain take a plurality of independentreinforcing filaments and simultaneously draw them into parallel relation transversely of the material to be reinforced anddeliver said plurality of filaments to the material with the leading filament of the succeeding series in proper spaced relation with the last filament of the preceding series.

44. In a K machine of the character described, the combination of means for feeding a paper fabric to be reinforced, a series of grippers movable transversely of the machlne forsimultaneously drawing a plural ity' of independent reinforcing filaments from a. source of supply at one side of the reinforcing filaments from a source of supply at one side of the machlneand placing machine and placing them in substantially parallel relation transversely of said fabric, and means for freeing the reinforcing filamentsfrom the grippers and source of supply for'transfer to the surface of the paper to be reinforced.

45. In a machine of the character de-- scribed, the combination of means for continuously feeding a paper strip to be reinforced, a plurality of grippers for simultaneously drawing a plurality of independent them in substantially parallel relation trans- .versely of said fabric, means for cutting the reinforcing filaments from connection with the source of supply at the supply side of the machine, and means for opening the grippers at the opposite side of the machine to free the reinforcing filaments, and means for moving the reinforcing filaments toward the materlal to be reinforced when freed from the source of supply and grippers.

46. In a machine of the character described, the combination ofmeans for feeding a paper fabric to be reinforced, a series of grippers movable-transversely of the machine for simultaneously drawing a plurality. of independent reinforcing filaments from a source of supply at one side of the Y machine and placing them in substantially parallel relation transversely of said fabric, means for freeing the reinforcing filaments from the grippers and source of supply for transfer to the surface of the paper to be reinforced, and means for transferring the reinforcing filaments to the surface of the paper after they have been freed from the grippers and source of supply.

verse threads in a direction of approach with respect to the material to be reinforced.

48. In a machine of 'the character de-' scribed, the combination of means for continuously feeding aweb of material to be reinforced, a series of grippers arranged side by side, means for moving the gri pers transversely of the machine to simu taneously draw a series of transverse reinforcing filaments from a sourceof supply at one side of the machine and placing them in substantially parallel relation, means for opening the grippers to free thefilaments therefrom, means for cutting the filaments at the supply side of the machine, and a carrier for receiving. the filaments and transferring them to the material to be reinforced.

' In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES, H. HOWARD.

Witnesses: BEATRICE 1. SMITH, ELLEN B. ToMLINsoN. 

